Key points of forklift safety management
In recent years, accidents or hidden dangers caused by improper use of forklifts have been increasing. The main reasons are due to the misoperation of forklifts and negligence caused by familiarizing oneself with the operation. Among them, accidents caused by speeding and sudden situations, as well as driving without paying attention to the surrounding working environment, are the most typical. Forklift drivers' reluctance and negligence often lead to forklift accidents. By following the correct forklift operation methods and paying a little attention, forklift accidents can be prevented. This article explains the essential basic knowledge, daily inspection items, and precautions for forklift safety operations to personnel involved in forklift categories in a simple and understandable manner. Whether you are a novice forklift driver or an experienced operator, you need to constantly learn about forklift safety knowledge to ensure that forklift operation safety comes first, with zero accidents and violations.
Danger prediction
◆ Condition
The forklift is carrying goods and moving forward on the channel.
Pedestrians come out from the side of the passage.
Predictable accidents
Pedestrian hit by forklift
Sudden braking causes the goods to collapse from the pallet and press onto the pedestrian.
◆ Problem
Despite being loaded with large cargo and difficult to see ahead, it still moves forward.
◇ The door frame is not tilted backwards while driving.
The pedestrian wants to cross the passage directly without confirming the safety of the left and right directions.
There is no green channel or zebra crossing to ensure the safe passage of pedestrians.
◆ Safety measures
When loading large cargo and obstructing the front view, reverse driving or safety forklift commander should be employed.
After loading the goods, the door frame should be tilted backwards as much as possible before driving.
Forklift drivers should always pay attention to the surrounding environment, honk their horns in a timely manner, and slow down to a speed that can safely stop no matter what happens at intersections or other places where there may be workers or other vehicles present.
Operators must stop and confirm safety on both sides when crossing the passage. Additionally, when the forklift approaches, make sure to stop before crossing.
Set up green channels or zebra crossings to ensure the safety of workers crossing the passage.
Danger prediction
◆ Condition
Forklifts are stacking goods for transportation.
The operator is discussing behind the goods.
Predictable accidents
The goods inside collapsed, and the workers who were discussing their work were pressed underneath by the goods.
◆ Problem
◇ Do not consider the length of forks and pallets, only focus on loading.
The distance between adjacent trays is too narrow.
The forklift driver did not confirm the condition around the loaded goods and only focused on loading.
The homework personnel discuss their work next to the goods.
◆ Safety measures
When picking up parallel goods, be careful not to let the tip of the fork touch the pallet inside when inserting, and once the fork touches the goods, it should be fully inserted into the fork again.
When palletizing, sufficient space should be left between adjacent pallets.
When forking, it is essential to ensure the safety of the surroundings of the goods.
Discussions should be conducted in a safe location, not near goods.
Danger prediction
◆ Condition
The truck driver has not yet completed the forklift driving skills training and has seen a forward moving model
Driving on the forklift without removing the key
Forward moving forklift intends to lift pallets on the platform
Transport the goods to the designated location.
Predictable accidents
When driving a forward moving forklift along the edge of the platform towards the pallet, it got too close to the edge and ended up falling off the platform.
◆ Problem
The key on the forward moving forklift is not removed, and anyone can start it.
The driver has not completed the forklift skills training.
The insertion port of the pallet is facing the lateral side, and the forward moving forklift has to move along the edge of the platform.
◆ Safety measures
Thoroughly implement the management of forklift usage and prohibit unqualified personnel from driving.
Develop a work plan based on the size of the forklift usage location, forklift capacity, and cargo stacking situation, and carry out the operation accordingly.
human error
(1) The era of human error
When a major accident occurs, the term 'human error' is often heard during accident analysis meetings.
Firstly, this is because the improvement in mechanical and component performance has increased the probability of faults occurring due to human factors.
Secondly, a person's ability to control energy has greatly increased compared to the past, and a slight lack of attention can lead to major accidents. Nuclear power plant and spacecraft accidents can be said to be typical representatives among them.
Not all accidents are caused by human error, and there are definitely many accidents caused by equipment and mechanical failures. However, there is no doubt that we are present in environments where minor errors cause major accidents.
(2) People make mistakes
No one likes to intentionally get hurt. However, there have been experiences of injury or danger at home, in the workplace, or in daily activities.
Human beings are inherently flawed animals in psychology, capable of making various mistakes such as misreading, mishearing, misjudging, thinking, remembering, and making mistakes.
human error
(3) Human error originates from illusions
People acquire a vast amount of information through visual perception. Vision is not always absolutely correct and often deviates from the physical world. Let's take a look at a few specific examples below.
Example 1: The illusion of matchstick length: Even if matchsticks of the same length are arranged in an inverted T shape, they appear longer when they are vertical than when they are horizontal.
Example 2: Illusion of Shape
No matter how you look at the diagonal lines AB and BC, they seem to have different lengths, but when measured with a ruler, the lengths are exactly the same.
Example 3: Illusion of Parallel Lines: The parallel lines drawn in the radiation line appear bulging in the middle no matter how you look at them.
Example 4: The illusion of depth perception and size has the same height on a plane, but there is a sense of depth on the image, and it feels like people who look farther away are taller
From this perspective, human vision cannot accurately reflect physical dimensions. Therefore, one must not be careless or careless in daily work. We should always remember that humans are animals that can produce illusions and strive to prevent human errors.
human error
(4) The Influence of Reasoning, Prediction, and Knowledge on Perception
For example, in the figure on the right, if ACD is hidden and viewed, the part corresponding to B will be judged as 13,; If 11 and 12 are hidden, they will be judged as B. That is to say, people always make predictions based on the information they see, and reasoning and expectation factors also become the basis for judgment. According to the provided information, judgment can also create illusions. To prevent this situation from happening. The information used as a basis for speculation and judgment needs to be clear and objective.
(5) Prevention of Illusion
Illusions arise from the normal activities of human perception and thinking processes. To prevent human error caused by such illusions, it is necessary to make the conveyed information easy for anyone to understand.
① Eliminate ambiguous information.
② Convey information through various forms such as color and shape, text, and indicator lights.
③ Like the right switch controlling the right device, the left indicator light is controlled by the left switch, which is consistent with the natural movement mode of humans.
④ Standardize information according to social standards and further design devices that will not cause accidents even if illusions occur, just like a valve that reduces flow clockwise.
(6) The troublesome habits that humans cannot escape from
People have an instinctive habit of wanting to achieve maximum results with minimal energy. I want to save labor. The habit of taking shortcuts is innate in humans, so if not constantly vigilant, these habits will be exposed and become a cause of accidents. In addition, human attention is also limited, and it is impossible to fully pay attention to multiple things at the same time for a long time. When fatigued, physical strength and energy will decrease, judgment will become sluggish, and correct movements cannot be performed. Furthermore, taking unexpected actions in an instant is also a human habit. Many accidents are caused by these troublesome habits.
(7) How to prevent human errors
Errors occur in various stages of cognition, confirmation, judgment, decision-making, and operation. In order to prevent accidents caused by human characteristics such as delusions, carelessness, shortcuts, and omissions, it is important to prevent delusions. It is also necessary to use fingers and mouth to call attention to important parts of the work. In order to carry out safe operations, it is necessary to develop the habit of using fingers to confirm and speaking to confirm. Through scientific evidence, it has been proven that compared to doing nothing, the error rate when using fingers to confirm and voice confirmation has decreased to one-third, and it has been scientifically confirmed that using fingers to confirm and voice confirmation does not waste time.
Precautions during driving
Forklifts are specialized vehicles that are large and easy to stack, unload, and transport large goods and heavy objects. Therefore, the driving operation of forklifts has unique characteristics and mechanisms that are different from general vehicles. We should fully understand this and pay attention to safe driving.
1. When starting a forklift, make sure the surrounding area is safe!
Especially when loaded with goods, being blocked by the goods makes it difficult to grasp the surrounding conditions. You should start driving only after confirming that there are no people or goods left behind.
2. Driving a forklift should be done at a speed that can safely stop.
The prescribed speed limit should be followed. Especially when loading goods and in places where workers or other vehicles may appear such as turns or intersections, the speed should be reduced to a safe stop.
3. Never drive a forklift to start or brake suddenly!
Otherwise, it may lose direction or cause instability of the vehicle body. Especially when loaded with goods, it may collapse and be very dangerous.
4. Reduce forklift speed when turning, turn slowly!
Forklifts are directed by the rear wheels, so when turning while driving forward, they will make a significant outward turn. In addition, if there is a sharp turn or high-speed turn, the goods may collapse or flip over, which is very dangerous. When turning, follow the speed of Jiangdu and proceed slowly.
5. Mainly focus on the turning characteristics of forklifts.
There is a significant difference in the characteristics of forklifts and cars when turning. The direction of a sedan is controlled by the front wheels, and compared to the driving line of the front wheels, the rear wheels turn inward (left image). On the contrary, the rear wheels of the forklift control the direction, and compared to the driving line of the front wheels, the rear wheels turn on the outside (as shown in the right figure). Therefore, when turning, the tail of the forklift should be turned outward significantly. Please make sure to fully confirm safety.
6. Lower the fork and tilt the door frame backwards.
Especially when carrying goods, the center of gravity should be lowered, the vehicle should be stabilized, and the door frame should be tilted backwards. The height of the fork should be about 20cm above the ground, and lifting operations are not allowed while driving.
7. Do not ride with unrelated personnel.
Forklift is a specialized vehicle for stacking, unloading, and transporting goods. Therefore, forklifts weighing 3 tons or less are prohibited from carrying people at any time; Forklifts with a passenger seat of 5T or above can carry one forklift commander, but the doors must be closed. Never travel with unrelated personnel.
8. When loading large cargo, it should be driven backwards.
After loading large cargo, the front view is obstructed, making it difficult to accurately grasp the driving conditions. You should drive backwards or arrange a forklift commander, and when driving backwards, do not hold the driver's cab pillar or seat back while twisting your body.
9. Drive forward when climbing and backward when going downhill.
When driving on a slope, the goods should face upwards on the slope. Do not cross slopes or turn. In addition, when loading large goods and climbing hills, for safety reasons, forklift commanders should be arranged to work together.
10. Comply with traffic regulations, forklifts must reduce to safe speed or temporarily stop when crossing the passage.
When entering or exiting corners, warehouses, or workplaces, one should also reduce to safe speed or temporarily stop. Ensure safety. Additionally, it is necessary to sound the horn and proceed cautiously.
11. When driving a forklift, do not look around and think twice. Should persist in order to confirm the driving and road conditions while operating safely. Especially when driving near people and stacked goods, slow down to ensure safety.
12. When leaving the forklift, the key must be removed.
When parking a forklift, be sure to remove the key when leaving the forklift to prevent unauthorized personnel (unlicensed personnel) from accidentally operating it. Forks should be kept level and lowered to the ground. In addition, the forklift should be parked and parked at the designated location, and the habit of pulling the brake lever should be developed.
13. When working at night, it is necessary to drive at a safe speed.
When carrying out forklift operations at night, the front headlights, tail lights, and other lighting fixtures should be turned on to keep the work site well lit. In addition, the sense of distance and height difference at night can easily become unclear, so attention should be paid to surrounding people and obstacles, and safe driving speed should be maintained.
14. Pay attention to the field of view and blind spots.
On a forklift, the driver's field of vision is obstructed by the door frame and loaded goods, resulting in blind spots. In addition, when driving in reverse, if the body is turned to the right rear, it is always difficult to see the left rear, resulting in blind spots. The hidden dangers in the blind spots should be considered. When the field of view in the direction of travel is obstructed, it is necessary to always drive at a speed that can safely stop, and if necessary, arrange for a forklift commander to work together.
Precautions during loading and unloading operations
In the cargo loading and unloading operation of forklifts, if the cargo operation and stacking method are wrong, it may cause cargo damage, collapse, and even cause the forklift to lose balance. In order to safely stack, unload, and transport goods, it is necessary to be fully familiar with the correct operating methods of the goods and confirm the safety of the surrounding area during the operation.
1. Reasonably control the width of the fork!
To ensure stable handling of goods, the width of the left and right forks should be roughly controlled at around 2/3 of the pallet width.
2. Do not use forks to push goods.
If the tip of the fork is used to push the goods, it will damage the goods. When moving goods, be sure to use forks to move them.
3. Do not load goods beyond the allowable load range.
Forklifts use the front wheels as a fulcrum to maintain a balance between the loading weight and the weight of the tail balance weight. If the loading method is not appropriate, it can become very unstable. The following load table shows the relationship between the load center and the loading weight at different heights of the gantry. From this table, it can be seen that the farther the distance between the load center of the loaded weight and the front wheel as the fulcrum, the higher the gantry rises, and the smaller the weight of the loaded goods. If the loaded cargo exceeds the loading weight on the load table, the balance between the load and the counterweight will be disrupted, causing the rear wheels to tilt and resulting in accidents such as inability to operate or tipping over.
4. Do not load the goods off center.
Misalignment of goods can cause them to collapse and forklift overturning accidents. It should be confirmed that the goods on the pallet are firm and stable, and the stacking is safe.
5. Do not tilt the door frame forward or backward while the fork is raised high.
When the fork is raised high, if the door frame is tilted, the vehicle will become unstable, and there is a risk of the goods and pallets slipping or collapsing.
6. Loading goods should not exceed the shelf.
If the goods loaded exceed the shelving, accidents such as cargo collapse may occur while driving. In cases where it is necessary to exceed, it is essential to secure the goods.
7. Do not elevate beyond the required height.
To ensure the stability of the vehicle, it is also very important not to lift the loaded goods beyond the required height
8. Do not enter under the fork.
Regardless of whether goods are loaded or not, do not enter under the fork. When it is necessary to enter under the fork, fix the fork tightly to prevent it from falling.
9. Do not stretch your hands and feet into the middle of the door frame.
Even if the cargo needs to be slightly straightened for loading, it cannot be operated from the middle of the gantry. Otherwise, some parts of the body may come into contact with the loading and unloading control lever, posing a risk of being caught by the door frame. When aligning the loaded goods, be sure to lower the fork, fully apply the parking brake, get off the vehicle, and do not forget to turn off the key switch.
10. Do not carry people on the fork.
Forks are used for inserting and retrieving goods. Do not carry or lift people on the fork. Otherwise, it may fall or get pinched, which is very dangerous.
11. Do not park with the forks raised.
When leaving the forklift, make sure to lower the forks to the ground. Otherwise, the operators may scratch the forks or accidentally operate the lifting rod, causing the forks to descend rapidly.
12. Pay attention to the tray inside!
When stacking and unloading goods side by side before and after, the operation should consider the length of the forks and pallets. If the tip of the fork touches the goods inside, it may cause the goods to flip over.
13. Pay attention to the back of the goods!
The situation behind the goods is unknown. When stacking and unloading, carefully confirm whether there are workers around the goods and whether they have touched other goods.
Stacking steps of goods
Before stacking
① Confirm whether there is a risk of goods collapsing or being damaged in the stacking area.
② Confirm if the stacking position is correct.
◆ Stacking steps
① Pause in front of the stacking area.
② Make the door frame vertical.
③ Lift the goods to a height of about 10cm above the stacking position.
④ Slowly move the forklift forward.
⑤ Temporary placement of goods.
⑥ Slowly reverse the forklift and pull out the fork about 20cm.
⑦ Raise the goods by about 10cm again.
⑧ Drive the forklift forward to the correct stacking position.
⑨ Lower the goods to the stacking position.
⑩ After confirmation, drive the forklift slowly in reverse, completely remove the fork, and adjust the fork and door frame to the position they were in when driving.
Before unloading
① Confirm if there is a risk of goods collapsing or being damaged.
② Confirm if the fork width is correct.
◆ Unloading steps
① Pause in front of the goods to make the gantry vertical.
② Raise the fork to the insertion position of the pallet.
③ Forward forklift, insert 2-3/4 of the fork into the pallet and raise it by about 10cm.
④ After confirmation, drive the forklift slowly backwards for about 20cm.
⑤ Temporarily put down the goods.
⑥ Forward forklift, fully insert the fork into the pallet.
⑦ Raise the cargo by about 10cm.
⑧ Confirm the rear and slowly reverse the forklift until the goods can be unloaded.
⑨ Lower the goods to a position about 20cm above the ground and tilt the door frame backwards to the bottom.
⑩ Transport to the target location.
Operation of electric forklift
Electric forklifts use electricity as a power source. As a forklift, the precautions for driving, loading and unloading operations are the same as those for an engine forklift, but attention should be paid to the operation determined by the unique structure of the electric forklift and the operation of the battery as a power source. Be sure to fully understand this and ensure safe operation.
1. Cannot be forced to run.
If forced operation is carried out, a large current will be generated in the driving circuit, causing overheating of the control circuit and motor. Forced operation is strictly prohibited for electric forklifts.
2. Do not change direction when turning.
The vehicle is unstable when turning, and there is a risk of tipping over and cargo collapsing when reversing direction. Should reverse direction when driving straight.
3. Full attention should be paid to the surrounding conditions.
The electric forklift is very quiet when driving, and sometimes the operators and pedestrians may not notice the forklift approaching. Drivers should pay full attention to the surrounding conditions and immediately sound a warning or alert when they feel danger.
4. Do not use an electric forklift under excessive discharge.
If an excessively discharged forklift is used, it will not only stop during operation, but also shorten the life of the battery itself. The operation should be stopped immediately, charging should be carried out, and the relationship between discharge level and lifespan is as follows. The greater the degree of discharge, the shorter the battery life becomes.
5. Regularly check the electrolyte level and specific gravity of the battery.
Please regularly check the electrolyte level and specific gravity of the battery. When the electrolyte in the battery is insufficient, the electrode plates of the battery will be damaged, thereby reducing the battery life. The specific gravity of battery electrolyte is a standard for determining whether the charging state is good. The electrolyte level and specific gravity should be checked once a week to keep track of the battery status at all times.
6. The battery should be kept clean regularly.
If water, oil, or dirt adheres to the upper part and terminal of the battery, it will reduce insulation and cause discharge. The battery should be kept clean and dry at all times. In addition, to prevent static electricity, the battery should be wiped with a cloth moistened with water and warm water. When the electrolyte adheres to the cloth, it should be quickly washed with water. If left unattended, the water in the dilute sulfuric acid attached to the cloth will evaporate and turn into concentrated sulfuric acid, which is very dangerous.
7. Smoking and open flames are strictly prohibited during battery charging!
Charging the battery will generate hydrogen gas. Smoking is strictly prohibited, and charging should be carried out in a well ventilated area. Open the battery cover and maintain good ventilation.
8. Charge the battery immediately after discharging!
If the battery is placed in a discharged state, it will cause a decrease in battery performance and shorten its lifespan. Please charge according to the frequency of use. When the forklift is not suitable for more than 2 weeks, it should be evenly charged. After the battery reaches a fully charged state, unplug the battery plug and store it. If it is left in this state for a longer period of time, please perform balanced charging at a frequency of once every 2 months.
9. The charging plug should be securely connected.
It should be confirmed that the charging plug is securely connected before charging. At the same time, confirm whether the ground wire is firmly connected, and after charging, confirm that the charging plug has been unplugged before driving the forklift.
10. Do not unplug the plug while charging.
When charging the battery, if the charging plug or battery plug is unplugged, electric sparks may be generated, causing accidents. When unplugging, be sure to operate the switch control panel first to stop charging. In addition, if the charging is stopped by cutting off the power switch or circuit breaker, the charger will be judged as a power outage, which may cause misoperation. It is necessary to pay attention to this.
11. Moisture is strictly prohibited in electrical components!
When washing the car or other situations, if water enters the electrical components, it can cause misoperation or decrease insulation, resulting in short circuits and electric shock. Attention should be paid not to let the control equipment and electrical components such as motors get wet, and at the same time, use a dry cloth to wipe off any attached moisture around them.
12. Do not drive a forward moving forklift on poor road conditions.
The Lumina tires of the forward moving forklift do not have tread patterns, have a small diameter, and are limited in driving on the road surface. Especially when driving on poor road conditions, forklifts can become unstable and may cause cargo to collapse or flip over.
13. When turning a forward moving forklift, slow down!
The tires of the forward moving forklift have a large turning angle, which makes it easy to make small turns, but has disadvantages in terms of stability. When turning, reduce the speed and proceed slowly.
14. Please use reverse braking to stop the forward moving forklift.
Reverse braking refers to electrical braking through the operation of the accelerator lever. When driving a forward moving forklift, please use this reverse brake to stop. Except in emergency situations, try not to brake with the brake pedal as much as possible, otherwise it will brake rapidly and be very dangerous.
15. Do not touch electrical components.
Do not touch electrical components at will. Otherwise, it may cause malfunction or electric shock. Even if you feel a slight abnormality, you should report it to the forklift management personnel and prohibit operation until it is repaired. To check electrical components, it is necessary to unplug the battery plug and blow it with compressed air.
16. Charging of electric forklift.
The best charging method should be used in daily life. Insert the power plug into the socket and connect the charging plug to the charger. Press the optimal charging switch, the indicator light (green) lights up, and charging begins. At the same time, the display screen shows charging in progress and charging in progress. After charging is completed, the charging circuit is automatically cut off, and the completion indicator light (green) in the upper right corner lights up, indicating that the charging is complete.
17. Loading and unloading operations of forward moving forklifts.
When using a forward moving forklift for stacking, first lift the goods to the stacking position and then extend the fork forward. When unloading, first move back to the fork before lowering. In addition, it is prohibited to transport goods while the forklift is in the forward position, otherwise the center of gravity will be located on the outside of the forklift, causing instability.
18. Environmental organization of peripheral devices such as plugs and sockets.
If the socket and plug are damaged or dirty, and continue to be used for charging, it is highly likely to cause poor contact and even fire. Not only forklifts, but also the surrounding equipment environment should be carefully organized.
19. Precautions during thunderstorms.
When the thunder sounds far away, the charging should be stopped and the charging plug should be unplugged. Otherwise, it may damage control devices such as display screens. When thunder sounds close, there is a risk of electric shock during lightning strikes. Do not touch the power plug and power cord.
20. Operation of individual battery cells.
The internal structure of the battery is shown in the following figure. Due to the risk of electric shock and injury, it is absolutely not allowed to carry out modifications or disassembly.
21. Precautions for supplementing battery electrolyte.
Please add distilled water when the battery electrolyte decreases. When supplementing, stop replenishing water after seeing the white line on the upper part of the float. Excessive water replenishment can cause hydrogen gas to overflow from the battery electrolyte during charging, leading to corrosion of the battery box, leakage, and a decrease in capacity. In addition, if the battery electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid) spills or splashes out and adheres to clothing, it can cause burns to farmers. Therefore, if there is adhesion, please immediately rinse with plenty of water and thoroughly wash with soap.
22. Overcharging is prohibited.
Please perform regular charging on a regular basis. Performing balanced charging every day or significantly turning the timer for long-term charging does not result in excessive battery storage. On the contrary, it will become overcharging, causing premature reduction of battery electrolyte, rising battery temperature and burning out, damaging electrode plates, and reducing battery life.
23. Early detection, early communication, and early handling of abnormalities.
Abnormal phenomena such as odor, cloudy battery electrolyte, high temperature of battery electrolyte, premature decrease of battery electrolyte, inability to cut off charging timer, sudden failure, etc. can sometimes cause fires. Therefore, please stop using and go to a repair point for inspection. In addition, it is required to regularly inspect the battery to prevent accidents caused by a sharp decrease in capacity due to aging of internal components.
According to regulations, forklifts are required to undergo a safety check before starting work once a day. On that day, in order to ensure a safe day's work, it is necessary to conduct a pre job safety inspection. In addition, forklifts that have passed the vehicle inspection also need to undergo a "daily inspection". Please cooperate with the pre operation safety check.
Efficient inspection procedures.
○ is an inspection item for safety regulations.
● It is a recommended inspection item by the manufacturer.
Step check, item check, content check, pre homework check
Daily inspection of the project
project
1. Confirm if any abnormal parts were felt during the previous day's use
2. Visually inspect the reflector and license plate for dirt and damage
Projection status of rearview mirrors and reflectors
Tire pressure, cracking, damage, and abnormal wear
Foreign objects such as metal sheets and stones on tires
Loosening of wheel nuts and wheel bolts
3. Instrument inspection shows correct display
4. Oil inspection for brake fluid leakage and volume
The amount and dirt of hydraulic oil
The amount of clutch oil
Oil leakage
Dirty engine oil and oil
Leakage and volume of cooling water
Fuel leakage and oil quantity
5. Check the starting condition and abnormal noise of the engine (motor)
Low speed and acceleration conditions
Exhaust gas situation
Abnormal noise during motor rotation
6. Inspection of lighting fixtures and speakers, as well as the illumination or flashing status of direction indicator lights, and any dirt or damage
The sound condition of the backward buzzer
7. Function of joystick
8. Inspection of gift box pedals and steering wheel for free travel, looseness, and shaking (axial and radial) of the steering wheel
Operation condition of steering wheel
The free travel of the clutch pedal and the distance between it and the foot pedal during separation
Abnormal noise, force and sliding condition of clutch pedal
9. Check the effectiveness of the braking action and the formation of pressure when stepping on it
Formation of parking brake pull up and action status of ratchet wheel
Effective condition of parking brake
Operating force of parking brake lever
The rising condition of brake valve air pressure
Status of brake valve exhaust sound
Leakage and volume of brake fluid tank
10. Inspection of loading and unloading equipment
Damage and wear of forks and locating pins
Deformation and wear of forks
Deformation, damage, and cracks in the welding parts of the gantry and lifting bracket
Deformation, damage, and corrosion of the chain
The tightness of the chain
Loose deformation and damage of hydraulic rod threads and rod ends
The movement, natural descent, and natural forward tilt of hydraulic cylinders
11. Inspection of oil pressure pump and oil pressure pipe for oil leakage and abnormal noise of oil pressure pump
Oil leakage, shaking, loosening, deformation, and damage of hydraulic pipes
Oil leakage of oil pressure control valve
Safety valve function of oil pressure control valve
12. Check the charging capacity of the battery (electric scooter)
The working condition of the charger timer
13. Inspection of LPG device
Leakage of ducts and joints (connecting parts)
14. Air compressor air tank condensate
air pressure
1. Appearance inspection of forklift
(1) Turn the forklift around and check for tilting and damage to various departments. Observe under the forklift to confirm if there is any oil, water, etc. leaking from the ground.
(2) Check the wear and damage of the tires.
2. Inspection of instrument and engine movements.
(1) Confirm that the stop brake has been applied.
(2) Confirm that the driving gear is in neutral.
(3) Turn on the key switch and check if the instrument panel is functioning properly
(4) Start the engine and check the starting condition, engine sound, and exhaust status.
3. Check the operation of lights and speakers.
(1) Turn on the light control switch and check if the front headlights, side lights, and tail lights are illuminated.
(2) Operate the turn signal switch and check if the turn signal flashes normally.
(3) Step on the brake pedal and check if the brake lights are on.
(4) Press the horn button and check if the horn is sounding properly.
4. Check the action of each pedal and steering.
(1) Press each pedal with your hand until you feel resistance and check if the free travel is appropriate.
(2) Turn the steering wheel left and right to check if the free travel is appropriate.
(3) Move the steering wheel up and down, front and back, and check for obvious shaking.
5. Check the braking action.
(1) When stepping on the brake pedal, check if there is indeed a braking response.
(2) Drive the forklift slowly and check if the braking effect is sufficient.
(3) Check if the brakes are biased and if there are any abnormal noises.
6. Inspection of lifting and tilting movements
(1) Operate the lift and tilt control lever and check if it operates smoothly.
(2) Check the oil supply status and tightness of the lifting chain. Attention: The engine must be stopped when getting off the forklift.
7. Inspection of forks and door frames.
(1) Check the installation status, cracks, and wear of the fork.
(2) Check for cracks in the door frame.
(3) Check for cracks in the lift cylinder and tilt cylinder. Attention: Please operate the loading and unloading lever on the driver's seat again.
8. Inspection of oil pressure pipes.
(1) Check if there is any oil leakage or seepage at the joint of the oil pressure pipe.
(2) Check for cracks and oil leakage in the oil pressure pipe.
9. Inspection of various types of oil and cooling water.
(1) Check whether the engine oil, hydraulic oil, and brake fluid have the specified fluid volume and whether there is oil contamination.
(2) Check if the coolant in the storage tank of the cooling water tank is at the specified level.
10. Motor inspection (electric scooter).
(1) Drive the forklift slowly and check the rotation and abnormal noise of the driving motor.
(2) Operate the loading and unloading control lever, check the rotation and abnormal noise of the hydraulic motor.
11. Check the battery.
Confirm if the battery is fully charged. On the multifunctional composite display screen, the battery capacity meter is displayed on the left side of the panel, above the date.
12. Check the operation of the charger. (Electric scooter)
(1) Confirm whether charging starts when the charging switch is pressed.
(2) Confirm if the indicator light is lit abnormally.
(3) Confirm if the charging completion indicator light (green light in the upper right corner) is on.
Inspection after homework completion
(1) Check for oil leakage in all parts.
(2) Check for cracks and damage in all parts.
(3) Inject butter (lubricating grease) into each part.
(4) Lift the forks up and down, and apply lubricating oil to the lifting cylinder.
(5) Report any abnormal parts felt during the operation to the management personnel.
Persistently conduct regular inspections.
Serious implementation of regular inspections can not only detect faults in advance and prevent them from happening, but also save maintenance costs. In addition, it can prevent accidents caused by malfunctions and ensure the safety of drivers and operators. Regular self inspection is divided into "monthly inspection" conducted within every month and "pre job inspection" conducted within every year to inspect the following items. If any abnormalities are found during the inspection, please immediately contact the forklift maintenance team of the company's procurement and storage department.
(1) Functions of braking device and control device
(2) Functions of loading and unloading devices and hydraulic devices
(3) Is there any abnormality in the wheels
(4) The functions of the front headlights, tail lights, turn signals, and warning devices.
Safety Management
1. Proper clothing suitable for driving should be worn. When carrying out homework, one should wear a safety helmet, safety shoes, and work clothes correctly. While inspecting the forklift, it is also necessary to check whether the work clothes are worn correctly before starting the operation.
2. Security management must be thoroughly implemented. To prevent accidents caused by forklifts, it is necessary to comply with the prohibited items, precautions, traffic classification, operation steps, and operation plans specified in the work site.
